Lexus ES300 Rack And Pinion provides crisp steering response by converting the rotation of the steering wheel to precise lateral motion of the front rack gear. Inside a sturdy tube bolted to the body is a straight rack that meshes with a circular pinion on the steering column, so any twist of the wheel slides the rack to the left or right and pulls the tie rods that pivot the knuckles and tires. Early ES300 models applied a hydraulically assisted Rack And Pinion in which pressurized fluid reduced driver effort while maintaining direct road feel, whereas later ES300 models applied an electric power assisted Rack And Pinion which replaces the fluid lines with an electric motor, reducing weight and maintenance requirements while preserving similar feedback. Many ES300 units use straight cut Rack And Pinion gears as they produce higher torque capacity, cooler operating temperatures and resist premature wear, whereas helical cut equivalents, while cheaper to machine, produce additional side thrust, more heat and potential noise. This Rack And Pinion arrangement keeps the backlash to a minimum so that steering inputs are quickly transferred to the wheels. By combining compact packaging, low play and optional power assist, the Lexus steering system allows the sedan to follow the path through city corners or highway curves with minimal effort and maximum predictability, adding to the reputation of Lexus ride quality for calm precision and assuring Lexus drivers of consistent control.
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